More interestingly, research has found that using siRNA to knock down the Growth factor independence 1 (Gfi1) gene in chondrocytes, or overexpressing this gene via intra-articular AAV-Gfi1 injection, inactivated the MAPK signaling pathway, subsequently observing downregulation of ferroptosis promoters such as Cox2 and Acsl4 and upregulation of ferroptosis inhibitors such as GPX4 and SLC7A11, ultimately alleviating cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis, and improving OA progression (Jin et al., 2025)
Arwert LI, Veltman DJ, Deijen JB, van Dam PS, Delemarre-van deWaal HA, Drent ML
Riss, T., Niles, A., Moravec, R., Karassina, N
Using wrong solutions reduces stability and wastes costly research peptides or hormones